VAT Calculator Guide
What is the VAT Calculator?
The VAT Calculator helps businesses and consumers quickly compute VAT amounts. You can add VAT to a net (ex-VAT) price to find the gross (inc-VAT) price, or remove VAT from a gross price to find the original net.
How to calculate it manually
Add VAT: Gross = Net × (1 + rate/100). Remove VAT: Net = Gross ÷ (1 + rate/100). VAT amount = Gross − Net.
Frequently Asked Questions
20% is the standard rate. A reduced rate of 5% applies to domestic fuel and some other goods; a zero rate (0%) applies to most food, children's clothing and books.
Divide the VAT-inclusive price by 1.20 (for 20% VAT). This gives you the net (pre-VAT) price. The VAT amount is the difference between the two.
No. Many categories are zero-rated or exempt in the UK, including most food, prescription medicines, and children's clothing.
VAT-registered businesses can reclaim VAT paid on business purchases by submitting a VAT return to HMRC, provided the purchases are for business purposes.